What types of assessment do you know?

Answer:

Assessment can be divided into the following types: initial, formative, and summative.  In the classroom environment teachers conduct informal assessment and the final exams are considered as formal assessment.

Initial assessment (also called a diagnostic test) is conducted before starting the teaching process. 

Formative assessment basically involves qualitative feedback which is important to a teacher and to a student. For example, an English teacher asks students to use the correct forms of irregular verbs in a sentence. If all students perform the task correctly, the teacher moves on. If some students do not perform well, the teacher explains the rule. If most students do not understand the subject, the teacher reviews irregular verbs and pays students' attention to the most difficult or confusing cases. Formative assessment actively supports student learning and if conducted properly, it can motivate students. It is often called assessment for learning

Summative assessment monitors educational outcomes. This type of assessment, according to Bloom, 'assures adaptation of teaching and learning activities in the ways that enable students to attain intended learning outcomes'. Summative assessment is aimed at accountability and grading and is often called assessment of learning.

Assessment can also be distinguished as objective and subjective. Objective assessment is based on observation of measurable facts. Subjective assessment is based on personal opinion and personal interpretation.


Text and Style:
Research topics in the field of English stylistics

Stylistics and literary criticism.


Text abridgement.




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